The diagram below shows how fabric is manufactured from bamboo.
Introduction
Rewrite the question using your own words.
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Overview
In order to write an overview for a process diagram:
- The first step is to identify the total number of stages. For instance, this particular process consists of eight stages.
- Next, you should summarize the key points, which usually include the first stage and the final stage. For example, in this process, the first stage is the cultivation of bamboo plants, while the last stage is the manufacture of various fabric products.
- In addition to the starting and ending points, it’s also useful to highlight any major intermediate stages that define the process. In this case, you could mention the mechanical and chemical treatments used to obtain fibers before they are transformed into finished products.
The goal of an overview is not to describe every detail, but to capture the big picture: how many steps there are, where the process begins, where it ends, and which significant stages stand out.
Plan your answer
Sample Answer
The diagram illustrates how bamboo is processed to produce fabric. Overall, the procedure consists of nine distinct stages, starting with the cultivation of bamboo plants, followed by a series of mechanical and chemical treatments to obtain fibres, and ending with the manufacture of finished fabric products.
In the first stage, bamboo is planted in spring and left to grow throughout the summer months. By autumn, the plants have reached full maturity and are harvested manually, typically by cutting the tall stalks at their base. The stems are then cut into strips before being crushed to create a liquid pulp. This pulp is then filtered, allowing the long fibres to be separated from the liquid.
Subsequently, the fibres are softened with the addition of water and amine oxide, making them suitable for further processing. Once softened, they are spun into yarn, which is woven into sheets of fabric. In the final stage, this fabric is utilised to produce a range of finished goods, including T-shirts and socks.
Useful vocabulary
- cultivation = the process of growing plants, usually for food or other use
- reached full maturity = became completely developed or fully grown
- harvested manually = collected or gathered by hand, without machines
- cut into strips = divided into long, thin, narrow pieces
- pulp = a soft, wet, shapeless mass of material (in this case, bamboo crushed into liquid form)
- filtered = passed through a device or material to remove unwanted parts
- softened = made less hard or more flexible
- spun into yarn = twisted fibers together to make yarn (thread for fabric)
- woven into = made into fabric by interlacing threads at right angles
