The diagram below shows how a biofuel called ethanol is produced.
Introduction
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Overview
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Overall, the production of ethanol is a cyclical process, which involves several distinct stages, including plant growth, cellulose extraction and processing, and the distribution of the final fuel.
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Sample Answer
The illustration depicts the process through which a type of biofuel known as ethanol is manufactured. Overall, the production of ethanol is a cyclical process, which involves several distinct stages, including plant growth, cellulose extraction and processing, and the distribution of the final fuel.
Starting with the stages involve obtaining cellulose, which begins with plants and trees absorbing energy in the form of sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow. Once mature, they are harvested, typically by a human operating a machine, and transported to a pre-processing facility, where they are broken down into cellulose, ready for the next steps.
Moving onto the remaining stages, the cellulose is then treated with chemicals to extract sugars. Following this, microbes are added to the sugar mixture to produce ethanol, which is used to fuel various types of transportation, such as cars, trucks and planes. During this fuel use, carbon dioxide is emitted into the atmosphere, allowing the process to start anew.
Useful Vocabulary
- be manufactured = be made or produced using an industrial or mechanical process
- a cyclical process = a sequence of stages that repeats itself in a continuous loop
- extraction = the act of removing a substance from a larger material or source
- distribution = the process of delivering a product to different places, customers or users
- absorbing = taking in energy, light, or gases such as carbon dioxide
- be harvested = be collected or gathered when fully grown, often using machinery
- be broken down into = be separated into smaller parts or components
- be added to = be introduced or mixed into another substance
- be emitted into = be released or discharged into an area such as the air or atmosphere
- start anew = begin again from the beginning, often after a cycle has finished
